To find out the link status, link speed and mac address and statistics of an Ethernet adapter ent0
# entstat -d ent0 (or entstat -dt en0) ETHERNET STATISTICS (ent0) : Device Type: 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902) Hardware Address: 00:11:25:08:1c:21 Transmit Statistics: Receive Statistics: -------------------- ------------------- Packets: 242183399 Packets: 318139934 Bytes: 41638159225 Bytes: 234717791764 Interrupts: 0 Interrupts: 172984103 Transmit Errors: 0 Receive Errors: 0 Packets Dropped: 0 Packets Dropped: 0 Bad Packets: 0 Max Packets on S/W Transmit Queue: 21 S/W Transmit Queue Overflow: 0 Current S/W+H/W Transmit Queue Length: 1 Broadcast Packets: 16676 Broadcast Packets: 6200001 Multicast Packets: 0 Multicast Packets: 0 No Carrier Sense: 0 CRC Errors: 0 DMA Underrun: 0 DMA Overrun: 0 Lost CTS Errors: 0 Alignment Errors: 0 Max Collision Errors: 0 No Resource Errors: 0 Late Collision Errors: 0 Receive Collision Errors: 0 Deferred: 0 Packet Too Short Errors: 0 SQE Test: 0 Packet Too Long Errors: 0 Timeout Errors: 0 Packets Discarded by Adapter: 0 Single Collision Count: 0 Receiver Start Count: 0 Multiple Collision Count: 0 Current HW Transmit Queue Length: 1 General Statistics: ------------------- No mbuf Errors: 0 Adapter Reset Count: 1 Adapter Data Rate: 2000 Driver Flags: Up Broadcast Debug Running Simplex 64BitSupport ChecksumOffload PrivateSegment LargeSend DataRateSet 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902) Specific Statistics: ----------------------------------------------------------------- Link Status : Up Media Speed Selected: Auto negotiation Media Speed Running: 1000 Mbps Full Duplex PCI Mode: PCI-X (100-133) PCI Bus Width: 64-bit Latency Timer: 144 Cache Line Size: 128 Jumbo Frames: Disabled TCP Segmentation Offload: Enabled TCP Segmentation Offload Packets Transmitted: 681521 TCP Segmentation Offload Packet Errors: 0 Transmit and Receive Flow Control Status: Disabled Transmit and Receive Flow Control Threshold (High): 49152 Transmit and Receive Flow Control Threshold (Low): 24576 Transmit and Receive Storage Allocation (TX/RX): 8/5
To find out the statistics of each adapter in a etherchannel
# entstat -dt en2 ==> where en2 is a etherchannel device ==> This output give statistics about ent1 and ent2 including the link status and speed.
To find out the MAC address, Hardware/Physical location of a network card
# lscfg -vpl ent1
ent1 U7879.001.DQDGMBD-P1-T6 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14108902)
2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter:
Network Address.............001125E6ACAA
ROM Level.(alterable).......DV0210
Hardware Location Code......U7879.001.DQDGMBD-P1-T6
PLATFORM SPECIFIC
Name: ethernet
Node: ethernet@1
Device Type: network
Physical Location: U7879.001.DQDGMBD-P1-T6
Setting multiple IP address for a single network card
# ifconfig lo0 alias 195.60.60.1 # ifconfig en0 alias <IPadress> netmask <net_mask>
To make the alias permaent, either add the above line to /etc/rc.net or
/etc/rc.tcpip. You can also make it permanent by running the following
command.
# chdev -l en0 -a alias=<IP_address>,<netmask>
To delete a static route manually
Syntax :-
chdev -l inet0 -a delroute=<net>,<destination_address>,<Gate_way_address>,<Subnet_mask># chdev -l inet0 -a delroute='net','0.0.0.0','172.26.160.2'
To change the IP address of an interface manually
# chdev -l en0 -a netaddr=192.168.123.1 -a netmask=255.255.255.0 -a state=up
To set the IP address initially
# mktcpip -h <hostname> -a <ipaddress> -m <subnet_mask> -i <if_name> -n <NameServer_address> -d <domain_name> -g <gateway_address> -A no
Smit fast paths
# smit chinet or smit inet
Name resolution order
We can achieve in two ways.
01. By modifying /etc/netsvc.conf file 02. By setting NSORDER Variable. (NSORDER Overrides /etc/netsvc.conf.
To change the Network speed
# ifconfig en0 down detach # chdev -l ent0 -a media_speed=...... # ifconfig en0 up
Network Options:
no
command is used to change the network tuning parameters.
To list the current network parameters / network options
# no -a
To enable IP forwarding
# no -o "ipforwarding=1"
To make ipforwarding=1 permanent now and after reboot
# no -p -o ipforwarding=1
To make the mbuff value to 200000 after the reboot
# no -r -o ipforwarding=1
To set the ipforwarding to the default level
# no -d ipforwarding
Network Packet Tracing and analyzing commands
Iptrace, Ipreport and tcpdump commands are used to trace and analyze network packets in AIX.
Using iptrace and ipreport utility:
1. Log in as a root user, then type the following command to start the iptrace utility:
# startsrc -s iptrace -a -s it-ibm01 \ -d it-ibm100 -p tcp -i en0 /tmp/iptrace.raw
The utility will capture all packets using TCP protocol through the en0
interface from the source host it-ibm01 to the destination host
it-ibm100. Captured packets are logged into the raw file /tmp/iptrace.raw.
2. To stop the iptrace daemon so that it no longer captures packets, type the following command:
# stopsrc -s iptrace
3. To format the report
# ipreport -srn /tmp/iptrace.raw > /tmp/iptrace.rpt
Using tcpdump utility:
1. To start tcpdump utility:
# tcpdump -i en0 -w /tmp/tcpdump.raw host it-ibm01 and it-ibm100 and tcp
2. To read the captured /tmp/tcpdump.raw file
# tcpdump -v -x -r /tmp/tcpdump.raw > /tmp/tcpdump.rpt
Etherchannel
EtherChannel and IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation are network port
aggregation technologies that allow several Ethernet adapters to be
aggregated together to form a single pseudo Ethernet device. For
example, ent0 and ent1 can be aggregated into an EtherChannel adapter
called ent3; interface en3 would then be configured with an IP address.
The system considers these aggregated adapters as one adapter. In
addition, all adapters in the EtherChannel or Link Aggregation are given
the same hardware (MAC) address, so they are treated by remote systems
as if they were one adapter. Both EtherChannel and IEEE 802.3ad Link
Aggregation require support in the switch so it is aware which switch
ports should be treated as one.
The adapters that belong to an EtherChannel must be connected to the
same EtherChannel-enabled switch. You must manually configure this
switch to treat the ports that belong to the EtherChannel as an
aggregated link
If an adapter fails, network traffic is automatically sent on the next
available adapter without disruption to existing user connections. The
adapter is automatically returned to service on the EtherChannel or Link
Aggregation when it recovers.
Because the EtherChannel cannot be spread across two switches, the
entire EtherChannel is lost if the switch is unplugged or fails. To
solve this problem, a new backup option available in AIX 5.2 and later
keeps the service running when the main EtherChannel fails. The backup
and EtherChannel adapters should be attached to different network
switches, which must be inter-connected for this setup to work properly.
In the event that all of the adapters in the EtherChannel fail, the
backup adapter will be used to send and receive all traffic. When any
link in the EtherChannel is restored, the service is moved back to the
EtherChannel.
Network Interface Backup
Network Interface Backup protects against a single point of network
failure by providing failure detection and failover with no disruption
to user connections. When operating in this mode, only one adapter is
active at any given time. If the active adapter fails, another adapter
in the EtherChannel will be used for all traffic. When operating in
Network Interface Backup mode, it is not necessary to connect to
EtherChannel-enabled switches.
The Network Interface Backup setup is most effective when the adapters
are connected to different network switches, as this provides greater
redundancy than connecting all adapters to one switch. When connecting
to different switches, make sure there is a connection between the
switches. This provides failover capabilities from one adapter to
another by ensuring that there is always a route to the currently-active
adapter.
To create a etherchannel with Network Backup
# mkdev -c adapter -s pseudo -t ibm_ech -a adapter_names='ent0' -a backup_adapter='ent2'
ent3 Available
# lsattr -El ent3
adapter_names ent0 EtherChannel Adapters True
alt_addr 0x000000000000 Alternate EtherChannel Address True
auto_recovery yes Enable automatic recovery after failover True
backup_adapter ent2 Adapter used when whole channel fails True
hash_mode default Determines how outgoing adapter is chosen True
mode standard EtherChannel mode of operation True
netaddr 0 Address to ping True
noloss_failover yes Enable lossless failover after ping failure True
num_retries 3 Times to retry ping before failing True
retry_time 1 Wait time (in seconds) between pings True
use_alt_addr no Enable Alternate EtherChannel Address True
use_jumbo_frame no Enable Gigabit Ethernet Jumbo Frames True
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